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A+LSCURRICULUM
GUIDE
The English Language - Language Skills II |
The A+dvanced Learning System® Language curriculum is a comprehensive, completely integrated language skills curriculum for grade levels 1-9. This program directs students from beginning language skills to more advanced in a title series that encompasses three Grammar & Usage titles and seven Language Skills titles. Language Skills titles have extensive tutorial and instructional voice support.
The seven Language Skills titles teach word usage, spelling, usage in context, pronunciation, and alphabetizing for over 4,000 of the most commonly-used words in the English language. These titles make use of complete voice instruction for four basic learning techniques, the Eight-Step Method, Proofreading, Flash Cards, and Alphabetizing, to illustrate and drive home, and assess mastery of, these skills. In addition, the Language Skills titles all contain Essay modules that require students to demonstrate their language skills in curriculum- and community-related writing exercises. Language Skills titles each contain between 68 and 72 lessons. Each lesson works with a word list that exemplifies a generalization, or learning objective for the student to master.
| LESSON # | LESSON TITLE | GENERALIZATION TAUGHT | WORD LIST | ESSAY |
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Short Vowels 1 | A short vowel sound is usually spelled with one vowel letter followed by one or more consonants as in hat and nest. | bus, hat, nest, bit, fox, wet, sat, mud |
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Short Vowels 2 | A short vowel sound is usually spelled with one vowel letter followed by one or more consonants as in hat and nest. | bad, left, *been, send, *said, yet, pan | |
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Short Vowels 3 | A short vowel sound is usually spelled with one vowel letter followed by one or more consonants as in hat and nest. | camp, land, bank, wind, sand, hunt, hand, half | |
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Short Vowels 4 | A short vowel sound is usually spelled with one vowel letter followed by one or more consonants as in hat and nest. | *give, belt, held, *have, felt, rest, *live | |
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The /k/ Sound 1 | The sound /k/ after a short vowel sound is often spelled ‘ck’ as in rock. | block, truck, track, sack, stuck, knock, stick, rock |
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The /k/ Sound 2 | The sound /k/ after a short vowel sound is often spelled ‘ck’ as in rock. | block, duck, luck, kick, pick, thick, neck | |
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Short /u/ Sound 1 | The short vowel sound /u/ is sometimes spelled ‘o’ as in come. | wonder, from, front, cover, above, none, come, another | |
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Short /u/ Sound 2 | The short vowel sound /u/ is sometimes spelled ‘o’ as in come. | money, nothing, *once, month, does, honey, monkey | |
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Double Ending Consonants 1 | A consonant sound that follows a short vowel sound or /ô/ is sometimes spelled with double consonant letters as in class and off. | add, class, glass, fill, miss, egg, guess, cross |
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Double Ending Consonants 2 | A consonant sound that follows a short vowel sound or /ô/ is sometimes spelled with double consonant letters as in class and off. | pass, off, shall, swell, less, kiss, kill | |
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Long Vowels 1 | A long vowel sound is often spelled with one vowel letter followed by a consonant and silent ‘e’ as in cake. | cave, state, nine, while, wrote, mine, age, fine |
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Long Vowels 2 | A long vowel sound is often spelled with one vowel letter followed by a consonant and silent ‘e’ as in cake. | ice, lake, life, use, side, line, late | |
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Long /e/ Sound 1 | The long vowel sound /e/ is often spelled ‘ea’ as in mean or ‘ee’ as in deep. | deep, leave, mean, *people, real, please, need, sweet | |
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Long /e/ Sound 2 | The long vowel sound /e/ is often spelled ‘ea’ as in mean or ‘ee’ as in deep. | teeth, three, seen, street, wheat, tea, teach |
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Long /a/ Sound 1 | The long vowel sound /a/ is often spelled ‘ai’ as in tail or ‘ay’ as in pay. | always, clay, gray, nail, tail, lay, main, raise | |
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Long /a/ Sound 2 | The long vowel sound /a/ is often spelled ‘ai’ as in tail or ‘ay’ as in pay. | rain, paid, pay, paint, hay, stay, train | |
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Long /o/ Sound 1 | The long vowel sound /o/ may be spelled ‘ow’ as in snow or ‘o’ before two consonant letters as in old. | old, gold, own, snow, cold, known, grow, hold | |
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Long /o/ Sound 2 | The long vowel sound /o/ may be spelled ‘ow’ as in snow or ‘o’ before two consonant letters as in old. | throw, blow, slow, show, low, most, told | |
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Long /i/ Sound 1 | The long vowel sound /i/ may be spelled ‘igh’ as in night, ‘y’ as in cry, or ‘i’ before the letters ‘ld’ or ‘nd’ as in wild and kind. | sky, light, bright, fight, might, find, high, mind |
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Long /i/ Sound 2 | The long vowel sound /i/ may be spelled ‘igh’ as in night, ‘y’ as in cry, or ‘i’ before the letters ‘ld’ or ‘nd’ as in wild and kind. | my, night, wild, cry, kind, try, dry | |
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Homophones 1 | Homophones are words which sound alike, but have different spellings and meanings such as one and won. | knows, nose, meat, meet, at, eight, rode, road |
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Homophones 2 | Homophones are words which sound alike, but have different spellings and meanings such as one and won. | hole, whole, blue, blew, right, write, wood, would | |
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Consonant Blends 1 | A consonant blend is spelled with two or more consonant letters such as ‘fl’ in flag and ‘spr’ in spring. | great, swim, spring, strong, club, clothes, drive, stove | |
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Consonant Blends 2 | A consonant blend is spelled with two or more consonant letters such as ‘fl’ in flag and ‘spr’ in spring. | smoke, spend, small, plant, skin, stand, trip | |
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Consonant Blends 3 | Some consonant sounds, such as /ch/, /sh/, /wh/, /th/, /w/ and /ng/, are spelled with two letters as in ship and king. | those, wheel, should, such, *sure, child, shot, lunch | |
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Consonant Blends 4 | Some consonant sounds, such as /ch/, /sh/, /wh/, /th/, /w/ and /ng/, are spelled with two letters as in ship and king. | wash, thought, both, thing, ship, king, than, lunch | |
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Capital Letters 1 | Capital letters are used at the beginning of titles, the names of months, days of the week, holidays, and persons. | Santa Claus, Christmas, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Saturday, Mrs. Mr. |
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Capital Letters 2 | Capital letters are used at the beginning of titles, the names of months, days of the week, holidays, and persons. | Ms. Friday, Miss, Sunday, Thursday, Easter, Halloween | |
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The /ou/ Sound 1 | The vowel sound /ou/ may be spelled ‘ou’ as in mouth or ‘ow’ as in clown. | mountain, hour, our, south, mouth, sound, flour, loud |
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The /ou/ Sound 2 | The vowel sound /ou/ may be spelled ‘ou’ as in mouth or ‘ow’ as in clown. | mouse, round, flower, clown, proud, ground, power | |
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The /ôô/ Sound 1 | The sound /ôô/ may be spelled ‘oo,’ ‘ew,’ ‘o,’ ‘ou,’ ‘ui,’ or ‘ue’ as in cool, flew, move, group, fruit, and true. | new, news, school, move, true, grew, group, fruit | |
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The /ôô/ Sound 2 | The sound /ôô/ may be spelled ‘oo,’ ‘ew,’ ‘o,’ ‘ou,’ ‘ui,’ or ‘ue’ as in cool, flew, move, group, fruit, and true. | suit, shoot, flew, cool, threw, through, knew | |
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The /ûr/ Sound 1 | The sound /ûr/ may be spelled ‘er,’ ‘ur,’ ‘ir,’ ‘or,’ or ‘ear’ as in burn, dirt, word, and earth. | birthday, world, earth, circus, dirt, *were, first, heard | |
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The /ûr/ Sound 2 | The sound /ûr/ may be spelled ‘er,’ ‘ur,’ ‘ir,’ ‘or,’ or ‘ear’ as in burn, dirt, word, and earth. | word, burn, nurse, person, shirt, turkey, learn | |
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The /ôr/ Sound 1 | The sound /ôr/ may be spelled ‘or,’ ‘ar,’ ‘ore,’ ‘oor,’ or ‘our’ as in born, war, wore, floor, and fourth. | born, fort, ore, floor, horn, porch, fourth, wore | |
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The /ôr/ Sound 2 | The sound /ôr/ may be spelled ‘or,’ ‘ar,’ ‘ore,’ ‘oor,’ or ‘our’ as in born, war, wore, floor, and fourth. | short, yours, storm, war, warm, or, morning | |
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The /âr/ Sound 1 | The sound /âr/ may be spelled ‘are,’ ‘air,’ or ‘ear,’ as in care, pair, and bear. The sound /ir/ is often spelled ‘ear’ as in near. | *where, near, *there, care, ears, hair, air, clear | |
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The /âr/ Sound 2 | The sound /âr/ may be spelled ‘are,’ ‘air,’ or ‘ear,’ as in care, pair, and bear. The sound /ir/ is often spelled ‘ear’ as in near. | pair, stairs, *their, fair, bear, year, wear | |
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Short /e/ Sound 1 | The short vowel sound /e/ is often spelled ‘ea’ as in head. | already, *friend, instead, read, head, ahead, death, ready | |
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Short /e/ Sound 2 | The short vowel sound /e/ is often spelled ‘ea’ as in head. | weather, health, bread, dead, heavy, lead, thread | |
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The /oi/ Sound | The vowel sound /oi/ may be spelled ‘oi’ as in oil or ‘oy’ as in joy. | voice, enjoyed, point, soil, oil, joy, noise | |
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The /oo/ Sound with Different Spellings | The vowel sound /oo/ may be spelled ‘oo’ as in cook, ‘u’ as in push, or ‘ou’ as in could. | cook, could, wooden, sugar, wool, hook, push, stood | |
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Compound Words 1 | Two or more words can be put together to make a compound word, such as afternoon. | tonight, afternoon, everything, popcorn, fireplace, inside, without, maybe |
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Compound Words 2 | Two or more words can be put together to make a compound word, such as afternoon. | myself, someone, something, cannon, anyway, *tomorrow, baseball | |
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Contractions 1 | Two words can be put together and shortened with an apostrophe to make a contraction, such as didn’t for did not. | don’t, isn’t, I’ll, wasn’t, haven’t, can’t, didn’t, I’ve |
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Contractions 2 | Two words can be put together and shortened with an apostrophe to make a contraction, such as didn’t for did not. | won’t, couldn’t, wouldn’t, it’s, we’ll, I’m, that’s | |
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Vowels in Syllables 1 | Each syllable in a word has one or more vowel letters as in basket. | visit, almost, until, woman, seven, hundred, often, chicken | |
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Vowels in Syllables 2 | Each syllable in a word has one or more vowel letters or ‘y’ as in basket and easy. | cotton, music, pictures, forest, basket, easy, second | |
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The /’l/ Sound | The sound /’l/ or /l/ at the end of a two-syllable word is often spelled ‘le’ as in cattle. | cattle, uncle, middle, table, needle, little, *pencil | |
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The /’r/ Sound | The sound /’r/ at the end of a two-syllable word is often spelled ‘er’ as in butter. | supper, rubber, corner, order, later, butter, river, answer | |
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Schwa Sound 1 | Vowel sounds in unstressed syllables may be spelled ‘a’ as in across or ‘e’ as in become. | asleep, afraid, began, became, alone, between, again, behind | |
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Schwa Sound 2 | Vowel sounds in unstressed syllables may be spelled ‘a’ as in across or ‘e’ as in become. | before, across, awhile, along, ago, because, become | |
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Final ‘y’ 1 | The long vowel sound /e/ at the end of a word is often spelled ‘y’ as in body. | city, country, every, family, hurry, early, study, carry | |
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Final ‘y’ 2 | The long vowel sound /e/ at the end of a word is often spelled ‘y’ as in body. | lady, busy, body, hungry, very, merry, sorry | |
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Plurals 1 | The ending ‘s’ is added to many naming words to show more than one as in books. Some action words also end with ‘s’ as in brings. | miles, loves, wants, lives, looks, trees, mountains, animals | |
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Plurals 2 | The ending ‘s’ is added to many naming words to show more than one as in books. Some action words also end with ‘s’ as in brings. | shoes, flowers, apples, brings, takes, eyes, means | |
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Plurals 3 | The ending ‘s’ is added to many naming words to show more than one as in books. The ending ‘es’ is added following the /ch/, /sh/, or /s/ sounds as in matches. | windows, legs, inches, tricks, seeds, lessons, letters, dishes | |
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Plurals 4 | The ending ‘s’ is added to many naming words to show more than one as in books. The ending ‘es’ is added following the /ch/, /sh/, or /s/ sounds as in matches. | glasses, boxes, stars, toys, catches, watches, matches | |
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The ‘ed’ Ending 1 | If a word ends with silent ‘e’ as in chase, the ‘e’ is usually dropped before the ending ‘ed’ is added as in chased. Spelling is not changed when ‘ed’ is added to words such as asked. | wanted, asked, closed, raised, started, pleased, reached, seemed | |
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The ‘ed’ Ending 2 | If a word ends with silent ‘e’ as in chase, the ‘e’ is usually dropped before the ending ‘ed’ is added as in chased. Spelling is not changed when ‘ed’ is added to words such as asked. | saved, died, opened, filled, chased, finished, tired | |
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Plurals with ‘y’ 1 | If a word ends with a consonant and ‘y’ as in study and baby, the ‘y’ is usually changed to ‘i’ before ‘ed’ or ‘es’ is added as in studied and babies. | studied, stories, cities, countries, berries, babies, tried, hurried | |
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Plurals with ‘y’ 2 | If a word ends with a consonant and ‘y’ as in study and baby, the ‘y’ is usually changed to ‘i’ before ‘ed’ or ‘es’ is added as in studied and babies. | carried, buried, copies, cried, holidays, married, monkeys | |
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The ‘ing’ Ending 1 | If a word ends with silent ‘e’ as in come, the ‘e’ is usually dropped before the ending ‘ing’ is added as in coming. | studying, hunting, talking, going, hoping, sliding, skating, trying | |
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The ‘ing’ Ending 2 | f a word ends with silent ‘e’ as in come, the ‘e’ is usually dropped before the ending ‘ing’ is added as in coming. | making, flying, dancing, doing, writing |
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Adding ‘ed’ or ‘ing’ 1 | If a one-syllable word ends with a single consonant following a single vowel, the consonant is doubled before ‘ed’ or ‘ing’ is added as in stepped and batting. | spotted, running, *beginning, stopped, rubbed, dropped, digging, batting | |
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Adding ‘ed’ or ‘ing’ 2 | If a one-syllable word ends with a single consonant following a single vowel, the consonant is doubled before ‘ed’ or ‘ing’ is added as in stepped and batting. | getting, stepped, slipped, skinned, planned, swimming, shopping |
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The ‘ly’ Ending 1 | The ending ‘ly’ may be added to some words as in slowly. The ending ‘ful’ may be added to some words as in careful. | slowly, usually, quickly, lovely, really, *awful, *truly, nearly | |
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The ‘ly’ Ending 2 | The ending ‘ly’ may be added to some words as in slowly. The ending ‘ful’ may be added to some words as in careful. | careful, friendly, finally, thankful, surely, *beautiful, wonderful |
